UDC 339.9

Melikyan L.F.¹ (Novorossiysk, Russian Federation) – lu.luin@yandex.ru

¹ADMIRAL F.F. USHAKOV STATE MARITIME UNIVERSITY

Abstract. This article analyzes the impact of geopolitical transformations on the resilience and structure of global supply chains, with a particular focus on the Russian context. The purpose of the study is to identify vulnerabilities in logistics systems under sanction pressure and to determine adaptation mechanisms aimed at enhancing supply chain resilience. The methodological framework includes systems and comparative analysis, as well as case studies of logistics strategies in countries with experience in countering sanctions — namely Turkey, Iran, China, and Russia. The study finds that digitalization, automation, and the development of domestic logistics infrastructure increase the flexibility of transport systems and reduce dependence on global nodes. A conceptual model of supply chain adaptation is proposed, encompassing vulnerability diagnosis, scenario planning, implementation of digital solutions, and the development of independent infrastructure. The Russian logistics model demonstrates a shift toward resilience through route diversification, the growth of 3PL/4PL services, and modernization of the maritime fleet, though it still faces challenges related to reliance on a limited number of partners and risks of secondary sanctions. The scientific novelty of the study lies in substantiating the transition to sustainable logistics systems capable of functioning under conditions of geo-economic instability. The results can be applied in developing national logistics security strategies and crisis response scenarios under global supply chain disruptions.

Keywords: supply chain management, international trade, geo-economics, sustainable development, sanctions.

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For citation: Melikyan L.F. Transformation of logistic routes and risk management in global trade: the case of Russia. CITISE, 2025, no. 3, pp. 274-289.