UDC 372.854:66

DOI: http://doi.org/10.15350/2409-7616.2023.1.29

Polupanenko E.G.¹ (Lugansk, Russian Federation) – aktiniua@mail.ru

¹Lugansk State Pedagogical University

Abstract. The system of school chemistry education today requires significant modernization of the targeted content, technological and gnostic components. However, when choosing the vectors for the development of the system of chemical education for schoolchildren, it is necessary to pay the retro experience of the Soviet education system. The national traditions of the Soviet attention school and the positive experience accumulated during the Soviet period should be associated with new concepts and strategies for the development of chemical education in Russia. The article presents the results of a historical and pedagogical research of the positive and negative aspects of the development of chemical education for schoolchildren in the Soviet period. The character traits of the development of schoolchildren chemical education in 1917–1930, which were due to the reconstruction of the existing school education system and the active testing of new forms, methods and means of education are described. The trends in the development of chemistry education for schoolchildren in 1931–1957, which were the result of changes in the main educational paradigm a return to the pre-revolutionary classroom system, the resumption of subject education, and the separation of chemistry into a separate school subject are considered. The features of the development of the schoolchildren chemical education in 1958–1991 which were the result of significant changes in the political, socio-economic, cultural spheres of society, which was accompanied by the transition to universal compulsory secondary education, strengthening the material and technical equipment of schools and out-of-school educational organizations, increasing quality of training of future teachers of chemistry are indicated. The main features and characteristic trends of the gradual development of Soviet school chemical education are identified, the consideration of which is necessary for the implementation of the productive legacy of the Soviet system of chemical education of schoolchildren in modern conditions.

Keywords: chemical education in the Soviet period, education of schoolchildren, chemical education, educational reforms, positive and negative aspects of Soviet chemical education.

References:

1. Aniskov A.S. Features of the system of out-of-school education of children in the USSR in the 1960–70s. Kaluga, Streltsov I.A. Publ., 2020, pp. 84–90. (In Russian) URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=44612971
2. Atutov P.R. Polytechnic principle in teaching the basics of science, labor and industrial training. Soviet Pedagogy, 1962, no. 3, рр. 20–30. (In Russian).
3. Boguslavsky M.V. Development of the theory of the content of general education. Continuity and innovation in the development of the main directions of domestic pedagogical science (end of the 19th–20th centuries). Monograph. Moscow, 2012. pp. 193–317. (In Russian). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=18878208
4. Bordovsky G.A. What was the best in the Soviet education system? Higher education today, 2018, no. 1, pp. 2–6. (In Russian). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=32371763
5. Borisov I.N. Gostev M.M., Dubynin L.A. Methods of teaching chemistry in incomplete secondary school: a manual for teachers of chemistry. Moscow, Uchpedgiz Publ., 1940. 188 p. (In Russian).
6. Bykova E.Yu. Reforming the system of school education in the USSR in 1917–1930: organizational and ideological aspects. Bulletin of the Tomsk State University, 2011, no. 1 (13), pp. 179–189. (In Russian) URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=16220198
7. Shapovalenko S.G., Epshtein D.A., Tsvetkov L.A. Issues of polytechnic education in teaching chemistry. Moscow, Uchpedgiz Publ., 1954. 160 p. (In Russian).
8. Gloriozov P.A. Kleshcheva E.P. Methods of teaching chemistry at an eight-year school: (VII class). Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR Publ., 1961. 200 p. (In Russian).
9. Grabetsky A.A., Kotlyarova O.S. On the content of optional courses in chemistry. Chemistry at school, 1963, no. 2, p. 56. (In Russian).
10. Grabetsky A.A. Experiments in chemistry: in connection with the acquaintance of students with scientific. the basics of chem. productions. Moscow, Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR Publ., 1957. 215 p. (In Russian).
11. Deich B.A. Out-of-school work as a instrument of solving educational problems in the 20–30s of the twentieth century. Bulletin of the Kostroma state university named after N.A. Nekrasova, 2015, no. 21, pp. 168–171. (In Russian). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23324657
12. Deich B. A., Yurochkina I. Yu. Formation and development of out-of-school work in Russia: regional aspect.  Monograph. Novosibirsk, NGPU Publ., 2011. 287 p. (In Russian). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23141979
13. Ivashevsky S.L. State policy in the field of education: correlation of ideals and law. Monograph. N. Novgorod, VVAGS Publ., 2006. 132 p. (In Russian) URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=19988624
14. Kaverina, A.A., School chemistry and its creators (the second half of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century). Domestic and foreign pedagogy, 2018, vol. 2, no. 1(47), pp. 102–117. (In Russian)ю URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35557320
15. Kargina Z.A. Additional education for children: history, theory, methodology. Monograph. Moscow, Ekon-Inform, 2012. 232 p. (In Russian).
16. Kolokolnikova Z.U., Lungul A.A. Conditions for the development of education in the RSFSR in the 20s of the XX century. International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research, 2015, no. 12(2), pp. 309–310. (In Russian) URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25032523
17. Abakumov A.A., Kuzin N.P., Puzyrev F.I. Public education in the USSR: General education school: Collection of documents 1917–1973. Moscow, Pedagogy Publ., 1974. 559 p. (In Russian).
18. Polupanenko E.G., Zinchenko V.O. Chemical education of schoolchildren in the Soviet period: source study base of research. News of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University, 2023, vol. 174, issue. 1, pp. 4–11. (In Russian).
19. Polupanenko E.G., Zinchenko V.O. Studying the development of chemical education of schoolchildren in Soviet Russia: a methodological aspect. Bulletin of the Omsk State University. Humanitarian research. 2022, no. 4 (37), pp. 179–185. (In Russian). EDN: GUJUGN, DOI: 10.36809/2309-9380-2022-37-179-185
20. Pomagaiba V. Dalton’s plan in practice. Rad. osvita, 1924, no. 1-2, pp. 46–47. (In Ukraine).
21. Teleshov S.V. School programs in chemistry in the XX and XXI centuries. Available at: https://him.1sept.ru/article.php?ID=200302402  (accessed 02 April 2022).
22. Teleshov S.V. From origins to mouth: materials for the history of the methodology of teaching chemistry in Russia (1940–2000). St. Petersburg, 2004, part 2. 282 p. (In Russian). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=19869840
23. Khamitova A.I., Ivanov V.G. The main stages in the development of methods of teaching chemistry. Bulletin of the Kazan Technical University, 2006, no. 6. (In Russian). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=9954911
24. Shapovalenko S.G., Epshtein D.A., Tsvetkov L.A. Teaching chemistry at school in the light of the tasks of polytechnic education. Moscow, Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR Publ., 1953. 92 p. (In Russian).
25. Shelinsky G.I. Smirnov A.D. Methods of teaching chemistry at an eight-year school: a guide for teachers. Moscow, Education Publ., 1965. 295 p. (In Russian).
26. Ross L.W. Some Aspects of Soviet Education. The journal of teacher education, 1960, vol. XI, no. 4, pp. 539–552.

For citation: Polupanenko E.G. Positive and negative aspects in the development of the system of domestic chemical education for schoolchildren of the Soviet period. CITISE, 2023, no. 1, pp. 346-357. DOI: http://doi.org/10.15350/2409-7616.2023.1.29